Weighted lambda superstrings applied to vaccine design
Identifieur interne : 000327 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000326; suivant : 000328Weighted lambda superstrings applied to vaccine design
Auteurs : Luis Martínez [Espagne] ; Martin Milani [Slovénie] ; Iker Malaina [Espagne] ; Carmen Álvarez [Espagne] ; Martín-Blas Pérez [Espagne] ; Ildefonso M. De La Fuente [Espagne]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2019.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Algorithmes, Alignement de séquences, Chaines lambda des immunoglobulines (génétique), Chaines lambda des immunoglobulines (immunologie), Humains, Modèles théoriques, Produits du gène nef du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (génétique), Produits du gène nef du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (immunologie), VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1) (génétique), VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1) (immunologie), Vaccins (immunologie), Vaccins (synthèse chimique), Vaccins contre le SIDA (immunologie), Vaccins contre le SIDA (synthèse chimique), Épitopes (génétique), Épitopes (immunologie).
- MESH :
- génétique : Chaines lambda des immunoglobulines, Produits du gène nef du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine, VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1), Épitopes.
- immunologie : Chaines lambda des immunoglobulines, Produits du gène nef du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine, VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1), Vaccins, Vaccins contre le SIDA, Épitopes.
- synthèse chimique : Vaccins, Vaccins contre le SIDA.
- Algorithmes, Alignement de séquences, Humains, Modèles théoriques.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- AIDS Vaccines (chemical synthesis), AIDS Vaccines (immunology), Algorithms, Epitopes (genetics), Epitopes (immunology), HIV-1 (genetics), HIV-1 (immunology), Humans, Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains (genetics), Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains (immunology), Models, Theoretical, Sequence Alignment, Vaccines (chemical synthesis), Vaccines (immunology), nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (genetics), nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (immunology).
- MESH :
- chemical , chemical synthesis : AIDS Vaccines, Vaccines.
- chemical , genetics : Epitopes, Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains, nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
- chemical , immunology : AIDS Vaccines, Epitopes, Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains, Vaccines, nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
- genetics : HIV-1.
- immunology : HIV-1.
- Algorithms, Humans, Models, Theoretical, Sequence Alignment.
Abstract
We generalize the notion of λ-superstrings, presented in a previous paper, to the notion of weighted λ-superstrings. This generalization entails an important improvement in the applications to vaccine designs, as it allows epitopes to be weighted by their immunogenicities. Motivated by these potential applications of constructing short weighted λ-superstrings to vaccine design, we approach this problem in two ways. First, we formalize the problem as a combinatorial optimization problem (in fact, as two polynomially equivalent problems) and develop an integer programming (IP) formulation for solving it optimally. Second, we describe a model that also takes into account good pairwise alignments of the obtained superstring with the input strings, and present a genetic algorithm that solves the problem approximately. We apply both algorithms to a set of 169 strings corresponding to the Nef protein taken from patiens infected with HIV-1. In the IP-based algorithm, we take the epitopes and the estimation of the immunogenicities from databases of experimental epitopes. In the genetic algorithm we take as candidate epitopes all 9-mers present in the 169 strings and estimate their immunogenicities using a public bioinformatics tool. Finally, we used several bioinformatic tools to evaluate the properties of the candidates generated by our method, which indicated that we can score high immunogenic λ-superstrings that at the same time present similar conformations to the Nef virus proteins.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211714
PubMed: 30735507
PubMed Central: 6368308
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 001047
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 001047
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000139
- to stream PubMed, to step Corpus: 000647
- to stream PubMed, to step Curation: 000647
- to stream PubMed, to step Checkpoint: 000336
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 002106
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 002106
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 002106
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 000330
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 000327
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Weighted lambda superstrings applied to vaccine design</title><author><name sortKey="Martinez, Luis" sort="Martinez, Luis" uniqKey="Martinez L" first="Luis" last="Martínez">Luis Martínez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilbao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Barakaldo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Basque Center for Applied Mathematics BCAM, Bilbao, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Basque Center for Applied Mathematics BCAM, Bilbao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilbao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Milani, Martin" sort="Milani, Martin" uniqKey="Milani M" first="Martin" last="Milani">Martin Milani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>University of Primorska, UP IAM and UP FAMNIT, Koper, Slovenia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Slovénie</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Primorska, UP IAM and UP FAMNIT, Koper</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Koper</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malaina, Iker" sort="Malaina, Iker" uniqKey="Malaina I" first="Iker" last="Malaina">Iker Malaina</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilbao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Barakaldo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alvarez, Carmen" sort="Alvarez, Carmen" uniqKey="Alvarez C" first="Carmen" last="Álvarez">Carmen Álvarez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>IDIVAL Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Santander, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>IDIVAL Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Santander</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Santander</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perez, Martin Blas" sort="Perez, Martin Blas" uniqKey="Perez M" first="Martín-Blas" last="Pérez">Martín-Blas Pérez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilbao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M De La Fuente, Ildefonso" sort="M De La Fuente, Ildefonso" uniqKey="M De La Fuente I" first="Ildefonso" last="M. De La Fuente">Ildefonso M. De La Fuente</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilbao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Department of Nutrition, CEBAS-CSIC Institute, Murcia, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Nutrition, CEBAS-CSIC Institute, Murcia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Murcia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">30735507</idno><idno type="pmc">6368308</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6368308</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:6368308</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0211714</idno><date when="2019">2019</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">001047</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">001047</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001047</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001047</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000139</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000139</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="RBID">pubmed:30735507</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000647</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000647</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000647</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000647</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000336</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000336</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">002106</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">002106</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">002106</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000330</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000327</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000327</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Weighted lambda superstrings applied to vaccine design</title><author><name sortKey="Martinez, Luis" sort="Martinez, Luis" uniqKey="Martinez L" first="Luis" last="Martínez">Luis Martínez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilbao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Barakaldo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff003"><addr-line>Basque Center for Applied Mathematics BCAM, Bilbao, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Basque Center for Applied Mathematics BCAM, Bilbao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilbao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Milani, Martin" sort="Milani, Martin" uniqKey="Milani M" first="Martin" last="Milani">Martin Milani</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff004"><addr-line>University of Primorska, UP IAM and UP FAMNIT, Koper, Slovenia</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Slovénie</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Primorska, UP IAM and UP FAMNIT, Koper</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Koper</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malaina, Iker" sort="Malaina, Iker" uniqKey="Malaina I" first="Iker" last="Malaina">Iker Malaina</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilbao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff002"><addr-line>Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Barakaldo</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alvarez, Carmen" sort="Alvarez, Carmen" uniqKey="Alvarez C" first="Carmen" last="Álvarez">Carmen Álvarez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff005"><addr-line>IDIVAL Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Santander, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>IDIVAL Valdecilla Biomedical Research Institute, Santander</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Santander</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Perez, Martin Blas" sort="Perez, Martin Blas" uniqKey="Perez M" first="Martín-Blas" last="Pérez">Martín-Blas Pérez</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilbao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="M De La Fuente, Ildefonso" sort="M De La Fuente, Ildefonso" uniqKey="M De La Fuente I" first="Ildefonso" last="M. De La Fuente">Ildefonso M. De La Fuente</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff001"><addr-line>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Mathematics, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Bilbao</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Bilbao</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff006"><addr-line>Department of Nutrition, CEBAS-CSIC Institute, Murcia, Spain</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Espagne</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Nutrition, CEBAS-CSIC Institute, Murcia</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Murcia</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2019">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>AIDS Vaccines (chemical synthesis)</term><term>AIDS Vaccines (immunology)</term><term>Algorithms</term><term>Epitopes (genetics)</term><term>Epitopes (immunology)</term><term>HIV-1 (genetics)</term><term>HIV-1 (immunology)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains (genetics)</term><term>Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains (immunology)</term><term>Models, Theoretical</term><term>Sequence Alignment</term><term>Vaccines (chemical synthesis)</term><term>Vaccines (immunology)</term><term>nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (genetics)</term><term>nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (immunology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Algorithmes</term><term>Alignement de séquences</term><term>Chaines lambda des immunoglobulines (génétique)</term><term>Chaines lambda des immunoglobulines (immunologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Modèles théoriques</term><term>Produits du gène nef du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (génétique)</term><term>Produits du gène nef du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (immunologie)</term><term>VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1) (génétique)</term><term>VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1) (immunologie)</term><term>Vaccins (immunologie)</term><term>Vaccins (synthèse chimique)</term><term>Vaccins contre le SIDA (immunologie)</term><term>Vaccins contre le SIDA (synthèse chimique)</term><term>Épitopes (génétique)</term><term>Épitopes (immunologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="chemical synthesis" xml:lang="en"><term>AIDS Vaccines</term><term>Vaccines</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Epitopes</term><term>Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains</term><term>nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>AIDS Vaccines</term><term>Epitopes</term><term>Immunoglobulin lambda-Chains</term><term>Vaccines</term><term>nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV-1</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Chaines lambda des immunoglobulines</term><term>Produits du gène nef du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine</term><term>VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1)</term><term>Épitopes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Chaines lambda des immunoglobulines</term><term>Produits du gène nef du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine</term><term>VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1)</term><term>Vaccins</term><term>Vaccins contre le SIDA</term><term>Épitopes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="immunology" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV-1</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="synthèse chimique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Vaccins</term><term>Vaccins contre le SIDA</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Algorithms</term><term>Humans</term><term>Models, Theoretical</term><term>Sequence Alignment</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Algorithmes</term><term>Alignement de séquences</term><term>Humains</term><term>Modèles théoriques</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>We generalize the notion of λ-superstrings, presented in a previous paper, to the notion of weighted λ-superstrings. This generalization entails an important improvement in the applications to vaccine designs, as it allows epitopes to be weighted by their immunogenicities. Motivated by these potential applications of constructing short weighted λ-superstrings to vaccine design, we approach this problem in two ways. First, we formalize the problem as a combinatorial optimization problem (in fact, as two polynomially equivalent problems) and develop an integer programming (IP) formulation for solving it optimally. Second, we describe a model that also takes into account good pairwise alignments of the obtained superstring with the input strings, and present a genetic algorithm that solves the problem approximately. We apply both algorithms to a set of 169 strings corresponding to the Nef protein taken from patiens infected with HIV-1. In the IP-based algorithm, we take the epitopes and the estimation of the immunogenicities from databases of experimental epitopes. In the genetic algorithm we take as candidate epitopes all 9-mers present in the 169 strings and estimate their immunogenicities using a public bioinformatics tool. Finally, we used several bioinformatic tools to evaluate the properties of the candidates generated by our method, which indicated that we can score high immunogenic λ-superstrings that at the same time present similar conformations to the Nef virus proteins.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nielsen, M" uniqKey="Nielsen M">M Nielsen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lund, O" uniqKey="Lund O">O Lund</name></author><author><name sortKey="Buus, S" uniqKey="Buus S">S Buus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lundegaard, C" uniqKey="Lundegaard C">C Lundegaard</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Khan, Am" uniqKey="Khan A">AM Khan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miotto, O" uniqKey="Miotto O">O Miotto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Heiny, At" uniqKey="Heiny A">AT Heiny</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salmon, J" uniqKey="Salmon J">J Salmon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Srinivasan, Kn" uniqKey="Srinivasan K">KN Srinivasan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nascimento, Ej" uniqKey="Nascimento E">EJ Nascimento</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wang, Hw" uniqKey="Wang H">HW Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Yc" uniqKey="Lin Y">YC Lin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pai, Tw" uniqKey="Pai T">TW Pai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, Ht" uniqKey="Chang H">HT Chang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hemmer, B" uniqKey="Hemmer B">B Hemmer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kondo, T" uniqKey="Kondo T">T Kondo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gran, B" uniqKey="Gran B">B Gran</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pinilla, C" uniqKey="Pinilla C">C Pinilla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cortese, I" uniqKey="Cortese I">I Cortese</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pascal, J" uniqKey="Pascal J">J Pascal</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sharon, J" uniqKey="Sharon J">J Sharon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rynkiewicz, Mj" uniqKey="Rynkiewicz M">MJ Rynkiewicz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, Z" uniqKey="Lu Z">Z Lu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Cy" uniqKey="Yang C">CY Yang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="El Manzalawy, Y" uniqKey="El Manzalawy Y">Y El-manzalawy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dobbs, D" uniqKey="Dobbs D">D Dobbs</name></author><author><name sortKey="Honavar, V" uniqKey="Honavar V">V Honavar</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Geginat, G" uniqKey="Geginat G">G Geginat</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schenk, S" uniqKey="Schenk S">S Schenk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Skoberne, M" uniqKey="Skoberne M">M Skoberne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Goebel, W" uniqKey="Goebel W">W Goebel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hof, H" uniqKey="Hof H">H Hof</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Skoberne, M" uniqKey="Skoberne M">M Skoberne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Geginat, G" uniqKey="Geginat G">G Geginat</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kim, Y" uniqKey="Kim Y">Y Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ponomarenko, J" uniqKey="Ponomarenko J">J Ponomarenko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhu, Z" uniqKey="Zhu Z">Z Zhu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tamang, D" uniqKey="Tamang D">D Tamang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, P" uniqKey="Wang P">P Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Greenbaum, J" uniqKey="Greenbaum J">J Greenbaum</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Martinez, L" uniqKey="Martinez L">L Martinez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Milanic, M" uniqKey="Milanic M">M Milanic</name></author><author><name sortKey="Legarreta, L" uniqKey="Legarreta L">L Legarreta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Medvedev, P" uniqKey="Medvedev P">P Medvedev</name></author><author><name sortKey="Malaina, I" uniqKey="Malaina I">I Malaina</name></author><author><name sortKey="De La Fuente, Im" uniqKey="De La Fuente I">IM De la Fuente</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Deb, K" uniqKey="Deb K">K Deb</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pratap, A" uniqKey="Pratap A">A Pratap</name></author><author><name sortKey="Agarwal, S" uniqKey="Agarwal S">S Agarwal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meyarivan, T" uniqKey="Meyarivan T">T Meyarivan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Manzourolajdad, A" uniqKey="Manzourolajdad A">A Manzourolajdad</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gonzalez, M" uniqKey="Gonzalez M">M Gonzalez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Spouge, Jl" uniqKey="Spouge J">JL Spouge</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sharma, D" uniqKey="Sharma D">D Sharma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bhattacharya, J" uniqKey="Bhattacharya J">J Bhattacharya</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alon, N" uniqKey="Alon N">N Alon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moshkovitz, D" uniqKey="Moshkovitz D">D Moshkovitz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Safra, S" uniqKey="Safra S">S Safra</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Schrijver, A" uniqKey="Schrijver A">A Schrijver</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Pataki, G" uniqKey="Pataki G">G Pataki</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Miller, Ce" uniqKey="Miller C">CE Miller</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tucker, Aw" uniqKey="Tucker A">AW Tucker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zemlin, Ra" uniqKey="Zemlin R">RA Zemlin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Haupt, Rl" uniqKey="Haupt R">RL Haupt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Haupt, Se" uniqKey="Haupt S">SE Haupt</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gusfield, D" uniqKey="Gusfield D">D Gusfield</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nickle, Dc" uniqKey="Nickle D">DC Nickle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rolland, M" uniqKey="Rolland M">M Rolland</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jensen, Ma" uniqKey="Jensen M">MA Jensen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pond, Slk" uniqKey="Pond S">SLK Pond</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deng, W" uniqKey="Deng W">W Deng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Seligman, M" uniqKey="Seligman M">M Seligman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vita, R" uniqKey="Vita R">R Vita</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zarebski, L" uniqKey="Zarebski L">L Zarebski</name></author><author><name sortKey="Greenbaum, Ja" uniqKey="Greenbaum J">JA Greenbaum</name></author><author><name sortKey="Emami, H" uniqKey="Emami H">H Emami</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hoof, I" uniqKey="Hoof I">I Hoof</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salimi, N" uniqKey="Salimi N">N Salimi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rasmussen, M" uniqKey="Rasmussen M">M Rasmussen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fenoy, E" uniqKey="Fenoy E">E Fenoy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Harndahl, M" uniqKey="Harndahl M">M Harndahl</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kristensen, Ab" uniqKey="Kristensen A">AB Kristensen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nielsen, Ik" uniqKey="Nielsen I">IK Nielsen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nielsen, M" uniqKey="Nielsen M">M Nielsen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sette, A" uniqKey="Sette A">A Sette</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vitiello, A" uniqKey="Vitiello A">A Vitiello</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reherman, B" uniqKey="Reherman B">B Reherman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fowler, P" uniqKey="Fowler P">P Fowler</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nayersina, R" uniqKey="Nayersina R">R Nayersina</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kast, Wm" uniqKey="Kast W">WM Kast</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Paul, S" uniqKey="Paul S">S Paul</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weiskopf, D" uniqKey="Weiskopf D">D Weiskopf</name></author><author><name sortKey="Angelo, Ma" uniqKey="Angelo M">MA Angelo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sidney, J" uniqKey="Sidney J">J Sidney</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peters, B" uniqKey="Peters B">B Peters</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sette, A" uniqKey="Sette A">A Sette</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bergmann Leitner, Es" uniqKey="Bergmann Leitner E">ES Bergmann-Leitner</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chaudhury, S" uniqKey="Chaudhury S">S Chaudhury</name></author><author><name sortKey="Steers, Nj" uniqKey="Steers N">NJ Steers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sabato, M" uniqKey="Sabato M">M Sabato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Delvecchio, V" uniqKey="Delvecchio V">V Delvecchio</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wallqvist, As" uniqKey="Wallqvist A">AS Wallqvist</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bryson, Cj" uniqKey="Bryson C">CJ Bryson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, Td" uniqKey="Jones T">TD Jones</name></author><author><name sortKey="Baker, Mp" uniqKey="Baker M">MP Baker</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Khan, Jm" uniqKey="Khan J">JM Khan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kumar, G" uniqKey="Kumar G">G Kumar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ranganathan, S" uniqKey="Ranganathan S">S Ranganathan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Moreau, V" uniqKey="Moreau V">V Moreau</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fleury, C" uniqKey="Fleury C">C Fleury</name></author><author><name sortKey="Piquer, D" uniqKey="Piquer D">D Piquer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, C" uniqKey="Nguyen C">C Nguyen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Novali, N" uniqKey="Novali N">N Novali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Villard, S" uniqKey="Villard S">S Villard</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Calis, Jj" uniqKey="Calis J">JJ Calis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maybeno, M" uniqKey="Maybeno M">M Maybeno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Greenbaum, Ja" uniqKey="Greenbaum J">JA Greenbaum</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weiskopf, D" uniqKey="Weiskopf D">D Weiskopf</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Silva, Ad" uniqKey="De Silva A">AD De Silva</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sette, A" uniqKey="Sette A">A Sette</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Paul, S" uniqKey="Paul S">S Paul</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kolla, Rv" uniqKey="Kolla R">RV Kolla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sidney, J" uniqKey="Sidney J">J Sidney</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weiskopf, D" uniqKey="Weiskopf D">D Weiskopf</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fleri, W" uniqKey="Fleri W">W Fleri</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Y" uniqKey="Kim Y">Y Kim</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ponomarenko, Jv" uniqKey="Ponomarenko J">JV Ponomarenko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Van Regenmortel, Mh" uniqKey="Van Regenmortel M">MH Van Regenmortel</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Shmelkov, E" uniqKey="Shmelkov E">E Shmelkov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Krachmarov, C" uniqKey="Krachmarov C">C Krachmarov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grigoryan, Av" uniqKey="Grigoryan A">AV Grigoryan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pinter, A" uniqKey="Pinter A">A Pinter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Statnikov, A" uniqKey="Statnikov A">A Statnikov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cardozo, T" uniqKey="Cardozo T">T Cardozo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tong, Jc" uniqKey="Tong J">JC Tong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, Tw" uniqKey="Tan T">TW Tan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ranganathan, S" uniqKey="Ranganathan S">S Ranganathan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tung, Cw" uniqKey="Tung C">CW Tung</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ho, Sy" uniqKey="Ho S">SY Ho</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="O Eill, E" uniqKey="O Eill E">E O’Neill</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kuo, Ls" uniqKey="Kuo L">LS Kuo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Krisko, Jf" uniqKey="Krisko J">JF Krisko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tomchick, Dr" uniqKey="Tomchick D">DR Tomchick</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garcia, Jv" uniqKey="Garcia J">JV Garcia</name></author><author><name sortKey="Foster, Jl" uniqKey="Foster J">JL Foster</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Y" uniqKey="Zhang Y">Y Zhang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Roy, A" uniqKey="Roy A">A Roy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kucukural, A" uniqKey="Kucukural A">A Kucukural</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Y" uniqKey="Zhang Y">Y Zhang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yang, J" uniqKey="Yang J">J Yang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yan, R" uniqKey="Yan R">R Yan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roy, A" uniqKey="Roy A">A Roy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xu, D" uniqKey="Xu D">D Xu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poisson, J" uniqKey="Poisson J">J Poisson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Y" uniqKey="Zhang Y">Y Zhang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Singh, P" uniqKey="Singh P">P Singh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yadav, Gp" uniqKey="Yadav G">GP Yadav</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gupta, S" uniqKey="Gupta S">S Gupta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tripathi, Ak" uniqKey="Tripathi A">AK Tripathi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ramachandran, R" uniqKey="Ramachandran R">R Ramachandran</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tripathi, Rk" uniqKey="Tripathi R">RK Tripathi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Y" uniqKey="Zhang Y">Y Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Skolnick, J" uniqKey="Skolnick J">J Skolnick</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kelley, La" uniqKey="Kelley L">LA Kelley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mezulis, S" uniqKey="Mezulis S">S Mezulis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yates, Cm" uniqKey="Yates C">CM Yates</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wass, Mn" uniqKey="Wass M">MN Wass</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sternberg, Mj" uniqKey="Sternberg M">MJ Sternberg</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kavanagh, Dg" uniqKey="Kavanagh D">DG Kavanagh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kaufmann, De" uniqKey="Kaufmann D">DE Kaufmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sunderji, S" uniqKey="Sunderji S">S Sunderji</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frahm, N" uniqKey="Frahm N">N Frahm</name></author><author><name sortKey="Le Gall, S" uniqKey="Le Gall S">S Le Gall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boczkowski, D" uniqKey="Boczkowski D">D Boczkowski</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Van Baalen, Ca" uniqKey="Van Baalen C">CA van Baalen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kwa, D" uniqKey="Kwa D">D Kwa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Verschuren, Ej" uniqKey="Verschuren E">EJ Verschuren</name></author><author><name sortKey="Reedijk, Ml" uniqKey="Reedijk M">ML Reedijk</name></author><author><name sortKey="Boon, Ac" uniqKey="Boon A">AC Boon</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Mutsert, G" uniqKey="De Mutsert G">G de Mutsert</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Michael, Nl" uniqKey="Michael N">NL Michael</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chang, G" uniqKey="Chang G">G Chang</name></author><author><name sortKey="D Rcy, La" uniqKey="D Rcy L">LA d’Arcy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tseng, Cj" uniqKey="Tseng C">CJ Tseng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Birx, Dl" uniqKey="Birx D">DL Birx</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sheppard, Hw" uniqKey="Sheppard H">HW Sheppard</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Huang, Y" uniqKey="Huang Y">Y Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, L" uniqKey="Zhang L">L Zhang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ho, Dd" uniqKey="Ho D">DD Ho</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Doytchinova, Ia" uniqKey="Doytchinova I">IA Doytchinova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flower, Dr" uniqKey="Flower D">DR Flower</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Calderon Gonzalez, R" uniqKey="Calderon Gonzalez R">R Calderon-Gonzalez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tobes, R" uniqKey="Tobes R">R Tobes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pareja, E" uniqKey="Pareja E">E Pareja</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frande Cabanes, E" uniqKey="Frande Cabanes E">E Frande-Cabanes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Petrovsky, N" uniqKey="Petrovsky N">N Petrovsky</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alvarez Dominguez, C" uniqKey="Alvarez Dominguez C">C Alvarez-Dominguez</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Alvarez Dominguez, C" uniqKey="Alvarez Dominguez C">C Alvarez-Dominguez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Madrazo Toca, F" uniqKey="Madrazo Toca F">F Madrazo-Toca</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fernandez Prieto, L" uniqKey="Fernandez Prieto L">L Fernandez-Prieto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vandekerckhove, J" uniqKey="Vandekerckhove J">J Vandekerckhove</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pareja, E" uniqKey="Pareja E">E Pareja</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tobes, R" uniqKey="Tobes R">R Tobes</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Calder N Gonzalez, R" uniqKey="Calder N Gonzalez R">R Calderón-González</name></author><author><name sortKey="Frande Cabanes, E" uniqKey="Frande Cabanes E">E Frande-Cabanes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bronchalo Vicente, L" uniqKey="Bronchalo Vicente L">L Bronchalo-Vicente</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lecea Cuello, Mj" uniqKey="Lecea Cuello M">MJ Lecea-Cuello</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pareja, E" uniqKey="Pareja E">E Pareja</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bosch Martinez, A" uniqKey="Bosch Martinez A">A Bosch-Martínez</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Welsh, Rm" uniqKey="Welsh R">RM Welsh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Selin, Lk" uniqKey="Selin L">LK Selin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rehermann, B" uniqKey="Rehermann B">B Rehermann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shin, Ec" uniqKey="Shin E">EC Shin</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="De Boer, Rj" uniqKey="De Boer R">RJ de Boer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Perelson, As" uniqKey="Perelson A">AS Perelson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wang, S" uniqKey="Wang S">S Wang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Espagne</li><li>Slovénie</li></country></list><tree><country name="Espagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Martinez, Luis" sort="Martinez, Luis" uniqKey="Martinez L" first="Luis" last="Martínez">Luis Martínez</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Alvarez, Carmen" sort="Alvarez, Carmen" uniqKey="Alvarez C" first="Carmen" last="Álvarez">Carmen Álvarez</name><name sortKey="M De La Fuente, Ildefonso" sort="M De La Fuente, Ildefonso" uniqKey="M De La Fuente I" first="Ildefonso" last="M. De La Fuente">Ildefonso M. De La Fuente</name><name sortKey="M De La Fuente, Ildefonso" sort="M De La Fuente, Ildefonso" uniqKey="M De La Fuente I" first="Ildefonso" last="M. De La Fuente">Ildefonso M. De La Fuente</name><name sortKey="Malaina, Iker" sort="Malaina, Iker" uniqKey="Malaina I" first="Iker" last="Malaina">Iker Malaina</name><name sortKey="Malaina, Iker" sort="Malaina, Iker" uniqKey="Malaina I" first="Iker" last="Malaina">Iker Malaina</name><name sortKey="Martinez, Luis" sort="Martinez, Luis" uniqKey="Martinez L" first="Luis" last="Martínez">Luis Martínez</name><name sortKey="Martinez, Luis" sort="Martinez, Luis" uniqKey="Martinez L" first="Luis" last="Martínez">Luis Martínez</name><name sortKey="Perez, Martin Blas" sort="Perez, Martin Blas" uniqKey="Perez M" first="Martín-Blas" last="Pérez">Martín-Blas Pérez</name></country><country name="Slovénie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Milani, Martin" sort="Milani, Martin" uniqKey="Milani M" first="Martin" last="Milani">Martin Milani</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/MersV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000327 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000327 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Sante
|area= MersV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:6368308
|texte= Weighted lambda superstrings applied to vaccine design
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:30735507" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a MersV1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |